Evaporating apparatus.



F. SGHEINEMANN.

EVAPORATING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED Nov. 1. 1910.

1 ,004,087, `Patented Sept. 26, 1911.

FRANZ SCHEINEMANN, OF BERLIN, GERMANY.

EVAPORATING APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Iatented Sept. 26, 1911.

Application led November 1, 1910. Serial No. 590,180.

To all whom 'Lt may concern.

Be it known that I, FRANZ SGHEINEMANN, engineer, a subject of the GermanEmperor, residing at l0 Moosdorfst-rasse, Treptow, Berlin, Germany, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Evaporating Apparatus,of which the following is a specification.

In evaporating apparatus, which are fitted with a vertical system oftubes, the evaporation of the liquid is generally produced by hot steambeing brought into contact with the outer walls of the heating tubes,while the liquid to be evaporated is in these tubes and in the lowerliquid chamber and partly in the boiler chamber.

The steam bubbles produced in the various heating tubes tend to rise andcarry the liquid with them. The current of the liquid therefore has anupward direction in all heating tubes. The liquid displaced from theheating tubes is continuously replaced by a fresh supply from the lowerliquid chamber, while the hot evaporated liquid in the boiler chambertends to pass through the heater tubes or through specially providedtubes back to the lower liquid cham' ber.

As the head of liquid over the tubes will vary continuously by theliquid boiling up, also the circulation of the liquid will be irregularand intermittent, whereby. the effect of the heating surface isconsiderably reduced, the detrimental formation of scale on the heatingsurface is favored, and the foaming and rising of the liquid isincreased.

In the accompanying drawing, which forms part of this specification avertical section of the evaporating apparatus is shown.

According to the present invention a partition b is so arranged in thesteam chamber, that the heating tubes are thereby divided 4into twogroups c and (l respectively, which lie in steam zones of differenttemperatures. The steam entering into the chamber a will first passalong group c and then only along the tubes Z within the partition. Theliquid in the group c will absorb a part of the heat of the steam andthen low in an upward direction into the upper chamber e, where thesteam generated may escape. The group of tubes al serves to conduct thenot yet evaporated portion of the liquid from chamber tained in thesteam and reaches the lower chamber f in a preheated state, whereupon itis reserved and renters the tubes o.

The liquid therefore circulates in counter current to the hot steam. Thedownward flow of the liquid in the grou-p of tubes cl can not beinterrupted by steam bubbles as the velocity of the downward flow whichdepends on the upward flow in group c produces a comparatively greaterliquid pressure in group (l, so that the liquid can absorb a greateramount of heat, without steam being generated. During the upward flow ingroup c the liquid pressure will drop and the generation of steam willbe accelerated by the preheating in the group cl. Where the tubes openinto the upper chamber e, the partition has a short extension g whichhas the consequence that any excessive boiling up of the liquid will notaffect the predetermined circulation of the liquid. It serves as a weirof the liquid emerging from the tubes c and prevents an overrush of thereturning liquid into tubes c.

The constant direction of flow of the liquid in the upper chamber efurther allows of the steam bubbles readily separating from the foamingliquid, as over the tubes d there is no evaporating and only thereturning liquid, so that there exist sulicient room for the steam andfoam bubbles to burst. As furthermore the foam bubbles can not enterinto the heating tubes, which lie in the hottest steam zone, theformation of non heat-conducting scale on'these tubes is avoided, as anydeposits will not so easily burn and stick in consequence of the lowtemperature of group (Z. In liquids which precipitate salts the saltcrystals will be carried by the liquid through the tubes d into thelower chamber, where they will easily be precipitated.

The present invention consequently produces a positive uninterrupted andincreased circulation of the liquid to be evaporated, whereby theefficiency of the heating surface is raised and the format-ion of foamand scale is reduced.

I claim:

1. In an evaporating apparatus a partition dividing the heating tubesinto two groups and conducting the fresh live steam entering upperchamber above the openings of the heating` tubes up to the level of theliquid in said chamber.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set\ my hand in presence of twowitnesses.

FRANZ SCHEINEMANN.

I/Vitnesses WOLDEMAR HAUPT, HENRY I-IAsrnR.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C.

